At Tesla, I feel we're very close to level 5 autonomy. 

I remain confident that we'll have the basic functionality for level 5 autonomy complete this year.

It's actually very important to retire old code bases, and not just maintain them forever.

The difficulty of maintaining them becomes extremely high, eventually you gotta redo the code base.

Technology does not automatically improve.

People are used to their phone being better every year!

Software is an increasing part of any piece of technology.

Tesla, the car, is extremely configurable, it's basically like a laptop on wheels.

For full autonomy, the only gating factor is software.

In the past 10 years, power production from coal has dropped in half.

It went from 46% of electricity in 2010 to 23% in 2020, so this is a massive improvement.

So good things are happening on a lot of levels, we just need to go faster!

The length of time power plants last is on the order of 25 years,

We can get a terawatt hour in less space than it took to make a gigawatt hour, 150 GW hours!

This is pretty profound! I wouldn't have thought this was possible several years ago.

You need a stable structure to contain the ions, so you don't want it to crumble or get gooey.

That holds its shape as you're moving these ions back and forth. It needs to retain its structure.

If it doesn't retain it, you lose cycle life and your battery capacity drops very quickly.

Cathode production will be part of the Tesla cell production plant.

Basically, raw materials coming from the mine and from them out comes the battery.

There's a massive amount of lithium on Earth, lithium isn't like oil, it's pretty much everywhere.

There's enough lithium in the US to convert its entire fleet to electric!

I really think that, long term, any cars that don't take this architecture will not be competitive.

We want to try to replace at least 1% of the total vehicle fleet on Earth, which is about 2 billion.

The actual economics are even better than that, cause the cost of electricity is much less than gas.

So when you look at the actual cost of ownership, you're paying much less for maintenance.

There's no oil changes, no smog checks. So your cost of operations is low.

Cause trucks when you only drive them are either too pushy or too hard.

That's a 9 mm bullet shot at the door! It's literally bulletproof to a 9 mm handgun.

We're gonna use the same alloy in the Starship rocket and in the Cybertruck.